Reversing mechanism.



Patentedluly 29, I902.

3. NIELSEN.

REVERSING MECHANISM.

(Application filed Feb. 14, 1902.

(No Model.)

llll-lllFllllll ATTORNEY- UNITED STATES STEFANUS NIELSEN, OF

REVERSING BROOKLYN, NEW YORK. A

MECHANISM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 705,603, dated July 29,1902.

Application filed February 14, 1902- Serial No- 94,096. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, STEFANUS NIELSEN, a citizen of Norway, and aresident of the borough of Brooklyn, city of NewYork; in the county ofKings and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Reversing Mechanisms, of which the following is aspecification. I

My invention relates more particularly to reversing mechanisms for gasandxgasolene engines, and has for its main object to provide simple andefficient means whereby the. motion of the shaft or memberdriven con--stantly in one direction may cause another shaft or member to revolve inthe same direction or reversely, as may be desired.

To this main end and object my invention consists in certain features ofconstruction and combinations of devices, as hereinafter more fullydescribed,and particularly pointed out in the appended claims. 4

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a central sectional view,partly in elevation, of a reversing mechanism embodying my invention;and Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the motions of certain of theparts or members when the reversing action is taking place.

1 designates a driving-shaft which is or may be the motor-shaft of a gasor gasolene engine, and, as usual, this shaft is driven constantly inone direction only,as indicated by the arrow thereat.

2 designates a shaft driven by the shaft 1 normally in the samedirection as the latter; but when occasion requires said shaft 2 may bedriven in the opposite or reverse direction. To the shaft 2 may beattached the screw-propeller of a launch or other device to be driven-bythe engine. The shafts 1 and 2 are arranged in line with each other andare supported in suitable bearin gs. (Not shown.)

A wheel 3,preferably the fly-wheel of the engine, is secured to theouter end of the shaft 1 by means of a key or feather 4, and this wheelinteriorly is formed with a beveled surface 5, which extendsall aroundthe wheel and which is inclined downwardly and inwardly. Preferablyattached by bolts and nuts 6 to the outer face of the wheel 3 is a ring7, which is likewise provided interiorly with a beveled face 8, thatinclines in a direction opposite to that of the face 5. The wheel 3 andthe ring 7 turn together as one, and although shown as made of twoseparate parts they may, if desired, be made in one piece, though theconstruction shown is preferred,

as being more convenient of manufacture.

At the inner end of the driven shaft 2 is slidably secured by a key 9 aclutch, wheel,

or disk 10, whose outer periphery is beveled at 11 to match the interiorface 5 of the wheel 3, and-normally these two surfaces 5 and 11 are heldin frictional contact and couple together the shafts 1 and 2.

Between the elongated hub 12 of the clutch, .wheel, or disk and theperiphery thereof is formed or provided a circular boss 13,whoseperiphery is beveled at 14 in a direction op; posite that of theperiphery or face 11. This beveled face 14 is adapted to frictionallyengage the matching beveled face 15 of a boss 16, formed or provided onthe inner side of a wheel or disk 17, loose on a stud or axle 18, whichis held in bearings 19 by a set-screw 20. The peripheryof the wheel ordisk 17 is beveled at 21 in the direction of the bevel 8 on the insideof the ring 7, so as to engage the same frictionally when reverse actionis to take place. Surrounding the stud or axle 18 is a coiled spring 22,which at one end presses against the bearing 19 and at its op posite endagainst the wheel or disk 17, so as to press the latter forward and keepthe beveled surfaces 21 and 8 normally out of engagement, the inner endof the stud 18 being headed and the boss 16 recessed to limit the inwardmovement of the wheel under the pressure of the spring.

The elongated hub or bearing 12 of the clutch 10 and boss 13 is flangedexteriorly, as at 23, and grooved, as at 24, and within the groove isarranged a fork 25, formed at the lower end of a lever 26, which ispivoted at 27 in a stand or support 28. The lever is provided with alatch device 29, adapted to ennorrnally in non-working position; butwhen the handpiece 30 of the latch is moved toward the handle of thelever the latch is disengaged, and when the lever is swung in thedirection of the arrow the fork causes the clutch 10 to slide outwardlyor in a direction away from the Shaft 1.

gage a notch in the stand and hold the lever Surrounding the shaft 2 andwithin the hub or sleeve 12 is a spiral spring 31, whose outer end bearsagainst a collar 32 on the shaft 2 and whose inner end bears against aflange 33, formed interiorly of the sleeve 12, and said spring is thusadapted normally to press the clutch 10 toward the wheel 3 and maintain.the beveled surfaces 5 and 11 in frictional engagement. Thus it will beseen that the motion ofthe driving-shaft 1 and the wheel 3 fast thereonwill normally communicate motion to the clutch 10 and that the latterwill impart this motion to the shaft 2 and drive it in the samedirection as the shaft 1.

WVhen it may be desired to reverse the motion of the shaft 2, theoperator will swing the lever 26 in the direction of the arrow shown atFig. 1, and the surface of the clutch 10 will be moved out of frictionalengagement with the interior surface of the wheel 3, and the surface 14of the boss 13 will be brought into engagement with the surface of theboss 16, and as the sliding motion of the clutch 10 is continued underthe action of the reversing-lever the surface of the wheel 17 is broughtinto engagement with the interior surface of the ring or wheel 7, theWheel 17 sliding outwardly slightly on its stud against the tension ofits spring 22 to enable such engagement to be effected. When this hasbeen accomplished, the ring or wheel 7, which rotates always in onedirection with the wheel 3 and shaft 1, will operate to drive the wheel17, and the boss 16 thereon being in frictional contact with the boss 13on the clutch or disk 10 will drive the latte r, and the clutch 10 beingkeyed to the shaft 2 will rotate said shaft, but in a direction oppositeto that of the rotation of the shaft 1 and the reverse of that which theshaft 2 had previously been rotating. When the lever is released, thespring 3l,which was compressed during the operation of separating theclutch 10 and wheel 3, will act to restore said clutch 10 intoengagement with the wheel 3 and to break the frictional engagementbetween the boss 13 and the boss '16, while at the same time the wheel17 will be independently moved out of frictional engagement with thering 7 by the reaction of its spring 22, and thereafter, by reason ofthe recoupling of the Wheel 3 and clutch 10, the shafts 1 and 2 willrotate together in the same direction.

If desired, the spring 22 may be omitted, although I prefer it to takethe wheel 17 out of engagement with the ring 7, so as to avoid uselessfriction and wear on said wheel 17 when the parts are running normally.

It will be observed that the diameters of the wheels 7 and 17 and of thebosses 16 and.

13 are so proportioned as that the speed of the driven shaft 2 whenreversed will be the same as when running direct and the same as thedriving-shaft 1; but, if desired, this proportion may be changed, so asto have the speed of the driven shaft greater or less when reversed thanwhen rotating in the same direction as the motor or driving shaft.Referring to the diagrammatic view, Fig. 2, it will be observed that theparts are shown in the relation which they bear to each other when theyhave been adjusted for efiecting the reverse action of the shaft 2. Thelarge outer circle represents the surface 8 of the ring 7, the innercircle 21 the surface of the wheel 17, which engages said ring, thecircle 15 the periphery of the boss 16, and the circle 14 the peripheryof the boss 13, which engages the boss 16, and from this view it will beobserved that when the surface Sis traveling in the direction of thearrow thereat and which is the constant direction of this part and ofthe shaft 1 a reverse motion will be communicated to the surface 14 ofthe boss 13, which latter is fast on the driven shaft 2 through theseveral intermediate friction-surfaces 21 and 15, an arrow being shownat each part to represent the direction of travel thereof. 7

While I prefer to make the wheel 3 the flywheel of the engine, it maynevertheless be separate and distinct therefrom, and in some cases thiswheel may be utilized as a beltpulley. It will also be understood thatmy invention may be used for other purposes than the shafts of gas orgasolene engines, although it has been designed especially therefor, andin such other cases the driving and driven members may be parts whichare not shafts, but pulleys or other devices.

The wheels 3 and 10 may be regarded as friction clutch members, and theparts 7, 13, 16, and 17 as mere friction-wheels, and although I haveshown some of these parts as made integral with others it will beunderstood that they may be made separate therefrom and otherwisearranged without departing from the gist of my invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a reversing mechanism, the combination of a driving-wheel as 3rotatingconstantly in one direction, a friction-clutch as 10 normally inengagement therewith and driven thereby, a friction-wheel as 7 alsoconstantly driven with the first-mentioned wheel, a friction-wheel as 13adapted to be driven always with the friction-clutch, a friction-wheelas 17 normally disengaged from the wheel 7 but adapted to be driventhereby, a friction-Wheel as 16 adapted to be driven with the wheel 17and normally disengaged from the wheel 13 but adapted to drive the sameand the clutch 10, and means for disengaging the clutch 10 from thewheel 3 and causing engagement between the wheels 13 and 16 and thewheels 17 and 7.

2. In a reversing mechanism, the combination of a constantly-drivenwheel as 3, a friction-clutch as 10, a spring for holding said clutchnormally in engagement with the wheel 3, a friction-wheel as 13connected with the IIO clutch 10, a friction-wheel as 7 connected withthe wheel 3, a friction-wheel17 adapted to engage with the wheel 7, afriction-wheel as 16 adapted to engage with the wheel 13, and a leverfor breaking the engagement between the clutch 10 and wheel 3 andcausing engagement in succession between the wheels 13 and 16 and thewheels 17 and 7.

3. In a reversing mechanism, the combination of a driving-shaft,a wheel3 secured thereon to revolve always therewith, a driven shaft 2, afriction-clutch connected torevolve said shaft and also to slide thereonand arranged normally to frictionally engage said Whee13, afriction-wheel as 7 connected to the wheel 3, a friction-wheel as 17mounted on a stud or axle, a friction-wheel as 16 connected to saidwheel 17, a friction-wheel as 13 connected with the friction-clutch 10,and means for moving the clutch 10 on its shaft to disengage it from thewheel 3and cause frictional engagement between the wheels 13 and 16 andthe wheels 7 and 17 so as to' reverse themotion of the shaft 2.

4:. In a reversing-geaigthe combination of a constantly-driven shaft, awheel 3 having an interior beveled surface, a friction-clutch 10 havinga beveled periphery to match said interior beveled surface and normallyin engagement therewith, a driven shaft 2 upon which said clutch 10 issecured and upon which it is adapted to slide, a spring for maintainingthe surfaces of the clutch 10 and wheel 3 normally in engagement, a ring7 connected to the wheel 3 and having an interior surface beveled in adirection opposite to that of the wheel 3, a wheel 17 having itsperiphery beveledto match that of the ring 7, a boss 16 having a beveledperiphery, and

a boss 13on the clutch 10 having a beveled periphery to match that ofthe boss 16, and means for sliding the clutch 10 on its shaft andbreaking the frictional engagement thereof with the wheel 3 andcausingfrictional engagement between the bosses 13 and 16 and the wheel 17 andthe ring 7.

5. In a reversing mechanism, the combination of a constantly-drivenshaft having secured thereto a wheel 3 having an interior beveledfriction-surface, a ring 7 secured to said wheel and having an interiorfrictionsurface beveled in the opposite direction, a stud or axle, awheel 17 on said stud or axle and having its periphery beveled to matchthe interior bevel of said ring, a boss 16 on said wheel 17 and having abeveled periphery, a spring for said wheel 17, a clutch 10 having abeveled periphery to match that of the wheel 3 and having a boss 13 witha beveled periphery to match that of the boss 16, a shaft 2 upon whichsaid'clntch 10 is mounted, a hub or sleeve connected to said clutch 10,a spring within said hub or sleeve for holding said clutch normally infrictional engagement with the wheel 3, and a lever mechanism connectedto said hub or sleeve for moving said wheel against the tension of itsspring and to disengage it from the wheel 3 and cause frictionalengagement between the bosses 13 and 16 and the ring 7 and wheel 17.

Signed at the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county ofNew York and State of New York, this 13th day of February,

Witnesses:

K. V. DONOVAN, M. WELLS.

